TEST/DEMO FUNCTION: App_Geocent_T_List_Ephem()
App_Geocent_T_List_Ephem (BodyID,TList,TimeZone,TimeScale,DSSTYN,DEGorHMS)
This function returns an apparent geocentric ephemeris for a series of Julian
Dates.
Refresh page for a new random Body ID selection.
##############################################################################
NASA/JPL Body ID = 699
Time Scale = UT
Time Zone = UT-05:00 (Ignored when using TT Scale)
Daylight/Summer Time ? = No
Output DEG or HMS ? = HMS
-------------------------------------
List of Julian Dates to be processed:
'2433056.5'
'2437892.184365723'
'2441505.322565431'
'2442133.739790178'
'2449031.573128554'
##############################################################################
API VERSION: 1.2
API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API
*******************************************************************************
Revised: January 26, 2022 Saturn 699
PHYSICAL DATA:
Mass x10^26 (kg) = 5.6834 Density (g/cm^3) = 0.687+-.001
Equat. radius (1 bar) = 60268+-4 km Polar radius (km) = 54364+-10
Vol. Mean Radius (km) = 58232+-6 Flattening = 0.09796
Geometric Albedo = 0.47 Rocky core mass (Mc/M) = 0.1027
Sid. rot. period (III)= 10h 39m 22.4s Sid. rot. rate (rad/s) = 0.000163785
Mean solar day, hrs =~10.656
GM (km^3/s^2) = 37931206.234 GM 1-sigma (km^3/s^2) = +- 98
Equ. grav, ge (m/s^2) = 10.44 Pol. grav, gp (m/s^2) = 12.14+-0.01
Vis. magnitude V(1,0) = -8.88
Vis. mag. (opposition)= +0.67 Obliquity to orbit = 26.73 deg
Sidereal orbit period = 29.447498 yr Sidereal orbit period = 10755.698 d
Mean daily motion = 0.0334979 deg/d Mean orbit velocity = 9.68 km/s
Atmos. temp. (1 bar) = 134+-4 K Escape speed, km/s = 35.5
Aroche(ice)/Rp = 2.71 Hill's sphere rad. Rp = 1100
Perihelion Aphelion Mean
Solar Constant (W/m^2) 16.8 13.6 15.1
Maximum Planetary IR (W/m^2) 4.7 4.5 4.6
Minimum Planetary IR (W/m^2) 4.7 4.5 4.6
*******************************************************************************
*******************************************************************************
Ephemeris / API_USER Thu Sep 18 21:14:26 2025 Pasadena, USA / Horizons
*******************************************************************************
Target body name: Saturn (699) {source: sat441l}
Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441}
Center-site name: GEOCENTRIC
*******************************************************************************
Start time : A.D. 1949-May-20 00:00:00.0000 UT-05:00
Stop time : A.D. 1993-Feb-13 01:45:18.3071 UT-05:00
Step-size : 0 steps
*******************************************************************************
Target pole/equ : IAU_SATURN {West-longitude positive}
Target radii : 60268.0, 60268.0, 54364.0 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c}
Center geodetic : 0.0, 0.0, -6378.137 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)}
Center cylindric: 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)}
Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive}
Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c}
Target primary : Sun
Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441}
Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441}
Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2
Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS)
RA format : HMS
Time format : BOTH
Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian
Time zone : UT-05:00
EOP file : eop.250918.p251215
EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2025-SEP-18. PREDICTS-> 2025-DEC-14
Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s
Table cut-offs 1: Elevation (-90.0deg=NO ),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (NO )
Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 0.0,180.0=NO ),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO )
Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO )
Table format : Comma Separated Values (spreadsheet)
***********************************************************************************************************************************
Date_(ZONE)_HR:MN:SC.fff, Date_________JDUT, , , R.A.____(a-app), DEC_____(a-app), delta, Ang-diam, APmag, S-brt
***********************************************************************************************************************************
$$SOE
1949-May-20 00:00:00.000, 2433056.708333333, , , 10 09 22.261849, +13 11 59.03836, 9.22137961477595, 18.02273, 0.631, 6.640
1962-Aug-15 16:25:29.198, 2437892.392699056, , , 20 38 13.255307, -19 14 00.54830, 8.97540587692330, 18.51665, 0.293, 6.353
1972-Jul-06 19:44:29.653, 2441505.530898764, , , 04 53 49.785870, +21 02 17.32278, 9.90724983350032, 16.77503, 0.125, 5.957
1974-Mar-27 05:45:17.871, 2442133.948123511, , , 05 53 25.902178, +22 38 36.42072, 9.09891795371473, 18.26530, 0.005, 6.019
1993-Feb-13 01:45:18.307, 2449031.781461888, , , 21 36 22.529983, -15 22 03.54199, 10.8404540801276, 15.33095, 0.760, 6.417
$$EOE
***********************************************************************************************************************************
Column meaning:
TIME
Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the
prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current
civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1
using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years.
Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar
system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output
has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st.
Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future
intervals.
Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth
regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock
rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT"
may be defined for that location.
Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank
(" ") denotes an A.D. date.
CALENDAR SYSTEM
Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15
(if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any)
are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates
prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for
matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds
to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is
available if such physical events are the primary interest.
NOTE: A time-zone correction has been requested. See header.
NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time.
'R.A.____(a-app), DEC_____(a-app),' =
Airless apparent right ascension and declination of the target center
with respect to an instantaneous reference frame defined by the Earth equator
of-date (z-axis) and meridian containing the Earth equinox of-date (x-axis
EOP-corrected IAU76/80). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay
gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession & nutation.
Note: equinox (RA origin) is offset -53 mas from the of-date frame defined
by the IAU06/00a P & N system.
Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff}
DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff}
'delta,' =
Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) of the target center relative
to the observer. Units: AU
'Ang-diam,' =
The equatorial angular width of the target body full disk, if it were fully
illuminated and visible to the observer. If the target body diameter is unknown
"n.a." is output.
Units: ARCSECONDS
'APmag, S-brt,' =
Saturn's approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. The
value includes the ring system when the solar phase angle of the observer is
less than 6.5 degrees (typical when observed from Earth) AND effective ring
inclination is less than 27 degrees. Otherwise, the value is that of the globe
only (no rings). An "n.a." will be output if outside the range of phase-angles
for which the model is valid.
For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric
absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity.
Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a
square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk.
MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND
Computations by ...
Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System
4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/
Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html
System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html
User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html
Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x
API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html
command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775
e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/horizons_batch.txt
scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS
Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov
***********************************************************************************************************************************